cpu.h

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/*
 *  This include file contains information pertaining to the Moxie
 *  processor.
 *
 *  Copyright (c) 2013  Anthony Green
 *
 *  Based on code with the following copyright..
 *  COPYRIGHT (c) 1989-2006, 2010.
 *  On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR).
 *
 *  The license and distribution terms for this file may be
 *  found in the file LICENSE in this distribution or at
 *  http://www.rtems.org/license/LICENSE.
 */
 
#ifndef _RTEMS_SCORE_CPU_H
#define _RTEMS_SCORE_CPU_H
 
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
 
#include <rtems/score/basedefs.h>
#include <rtems/score/moxie.h>  /* pick up machine definitions */
 
#include <rtems/bspIo.h>        /* printk */
 
/* conditional compilation parameters */
 
/*
 *  Should this target use 16 or 32 bit object Ids?
 *
 */
#define RTEMS_USE_32_BIT_OBJECT
 
/*
 *  Does the CPU follow the simple vectored interrupt model?
 *
 *  If TRUE, then RTEMS allocates the vector table it internally manages.
 *  If FALSE, then the BSP is assumed to allocate and manage the vector
 *  table
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
 */
#define CPU_SIMPLE_VECTORED_INTERRUPTS TRUE
 
#define CPU_HARDWARE_FP FALSE
 
#define CPU_SOFTWARE_FP FALSE
 
#define CPU_ALL_TASKS_ARE_FP FALSE
 
#define CPU_IDLE_TASK_IS_FP FALSE
 
#define CPU_USE_DEFERRED_FP_SWITCH FALSE
 
#define CPU_ENABLE_ROBUST_THREAD_DISPATCH FALSE
 
/*
 *  Does the stack grow up (toward higher addresses) or down
 *  (toward lower addresses)?
 *
 *  If TRUE, then the grows upward.
 *  If FALSE, then the grows toward smaller addresses.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define CPU_STACK_GROWS_UP               FALSE
 
/* FIXME: Is this the right value? */
#define CPU_CACHE_LINE_BYTES 32
 
#define CPU_STRUCTURE_ALIGNMENT
 
/*
 *  The following defines the number of bits actually used in the
 *  interrupt field of the task mode.  How those bits map to the
 *  CPU interrupt levels is defined by the routine _CPU_ISR_Set_level().
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define CPU_MODES_INTERRUPT_MASK   0x00000001
 
#define CPU_MAXIMUM_PROCESSORS 32
 
/*
 *  Processor defined structures required for cpukit/score.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
 
/* may need to put some structures here.  */
 
/*
 * Contexts
 *
 *  Generally there are 2 types of context to save.
 *     1. Interrupt registers to save
 *     2. Task level registers to save
 *
 *  This means we have the following 3 context items:
 *     1. task level context stuff::  Context_Control
 *     2. floating point task stuff:: Context_Control_fp
 *     3. special interrupt level context :: Context_Control_interrupt
 *
 *  On some processors, it is cost-effective to save only the callee
 *  preserved registers during a task context switch.  This means
 *  that the ISR code needs to save those registers which do not
 *  persist across function calls.  It is not mandatory to make this
 *  distinctions between the caller/callee saves registers for the
 *  purpose of minimizing context saved during task switch and on interrupts.
 *  If the cost of saving extra registers is minimal, simplicity is the
 *  choice.  Save the same context on interrupt entry as for tasks in
 *  this case.
 *
 *  Additionally, if gdb is to be made aware of RTEMS tasks for this CPU, then
 *  care should be used in designing the context area.
 *
 *  On some CPUs with hardware floating point support, the Context_Control_fp
 *  structure will not be used or it simply consist of an array of a
 *  fixed number of bytes.   This is done when the floating point context
 *  is dumped by a "FP save context" type instruction and the format
 *  is not really defined by the CPU.  In this case, there is no need
 *  to figure out the exact format -- only the size.  Of course, although
 *  this is enough information for RTEMS, it is probably not enough for
 *  a debugger such as gdb.  But that is another problem.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
 
#define nogap __attribute__ ((packed))
 
typedef struct {
    void        *fp nogap;
    void        *sp nogap;
    uint32_t    r0 nogap;
    uint32_t    r1 nogap;
    uint32_t    r2 nogap;
    uint32_t    r3 nogap;
    uint32_t    r4 nogap;
    uint32_t    r5 nogap;
    uint32_t    r6 nogap;
    uint32_t    r7 nogap;
    uint32_t    r8 nogap;
    uint32_t    r9 nogap;
    uint32_t    r10 nogap;
    uint32_t    r11 nogap;
    uint32_t    r12 nogap;
    uint32_t    r13 nogap;
} Context_Control;
 
#define _CPU_Context_Get_SP( _context ) \
  (_context)->sp
 
typedef struct {
    uint32_t   special_interrupt_register;
} CPU_Interrupt_frame;
 
/*
 *  Amount of extra stack (above minimum stack size) required by
 *  system initialization thread.  Remember that in a multiprocessor
 *  system the system intialization thread becomes the MP server thread.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  It is highly unlikely the MOXIE will get used in a multiprocessor system.
 */
#define CPU_MPCI_RECEIVE_SERVER_EXTRA_STACK 0
 
/*
 *  This defines the number of entries in the ISR_Vector_table managed
 *  by RTEMS.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define CPU_INTERRUPT_NUMBER_OF_VECTORS      64
#define CPU_INTERRUPT_MAXIMUM_VECTOR_NUMBER \
    (CPU_INTERRUPT_NUMBER_OF_VECTORS - 1)
 
/*
 *  This is defined if the port has a special way to report the ISR nesting
 *  level.  Most ports maintain the variable _ISR_Nest_level.
 */
#define CPU_PROVIDES_ISR_IS_IN_PROGRESS FALSE
 
/*
 *  Should be large enough to run all RTEMS tests.  This ensures
 *  that a "reasonable" small application should not have any problems.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define CPU_STACK_MINIMUM_SIZE          (1536)
 
#define CPU_SIZEOF_POINTER         4
 
/*
 *  CPU's worst alignment requirement for data types on a byte boundary.  This
 *  alignment does not take into account the requirements for the stack.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define CPU_ALIGNMENT              8
 
/*
 *  This number corresponds to the byte alignment requirement for the
 *  heap handler.  This alignment requirement may be stricter than that
 *  for the data types alignment specified by CPU_ALIGNMENT.  It is
 *  common for the heap to follow the same alignment requirement as
 *  CPU_ALIGNMENT.  If the CPU_ALIGNMENT is strict enough for the heap,
 *  then this should be set to CPU_ALIGNMENT.
 *
 *  NOTE:  This does not have to be a power of 2.  It does have to
 *         be greater or equal to than CPU_ALIGNMENT.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define CPU_HEAP_ALIGNMENT         CPU_ALIGNMENT
 
/*
 *  This number corresponds to the byte alignment requirement for the
 *  stack.  This alignment requirement may be stricter than that for the
 *  data types alignment specified by CPU_ALIGNMENT.  If the CPU_ALIGNMENT
 *  is strict enough for the stack, then this should be set to 0.
 *
 *  NOTE:  This must be a power of 2 either 0 or greater than CPU_ALIGNMENT.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define CPU_STACK_ALIGNMENT        0
 
#define CPU_INTERRUPT_STACK_ALIGNMENT CPU_CACHE_LINE_BYTES
 
/*
 *  ISR handler macros
 */
 
/*
 *  Support routine to initialize the RTEMS vector table after it is allocated.
 */
#define _CPU_Initialize_vectors()
 
/*
 *  Disable all interrupts for an RTEMS critical section.  The previous
 *  level is returned in _level.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  TODO: As of 7 October 2014, this method is not implemented.
 */
#define _CPU_ISR_Disable( _isr_cookie ) \
  do { \
    (_isr_cookie) = 0; \
  } while (0)
 
/*
 *  Enable interrupts to the previous level (returned by _CPU_ISR_Disable).
 *  This indicates the end of an RTEMS critical section.  The parameter
 *  _level is not modified.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  TODO: As of 7 October 2014, this method is not implemented.
 */
#define _CPU_ISR_Enable( _isr_cookie ) \
  do { \
    (_isr_cookie) = (_isr_cookie); \
  } while (0)
 
/*
 *  This temporarily restores the interrupt to _level before immediately
 *  disabling them again.  This is used to divide long RTEMS critical
 *  sections into two or more parts.  The parameter _level is not
 *  modified.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  TODO: As of 7 October 2014, this method is not implemented.
 */
#define _CPU_ISR_Flash( _isr_cookie ) \
  do { \
    _CPU_ISR_Enable( _isr_cookie ); \
    _CPU_ISR_Disable( _isr_cookie ); \
  } while (0)
 
RTEMS_INLINE_ROUTINE bool _CPU_ISR_Is_enabled( uint32_t level )
{
  return true;
}
 
/*
 *  Map interrupt level in task mode onto the hardware that the CPU
 *  actually provides.  Currently, interrupt levels which do not
 *  map onto the CPU in a generic fashion are undefined.  Someday,
 *  it would be nice if these were "mapped" by the application
 *  via a callout.  For example, m68k has 8 levels 0 - 7, levels
 *  8 - 255 would be available for bsp/application specific meaning.
 *  This could be used to manage a programmable interrupt controller
 *  via the rtems_task_mode directive.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  TODO: As of 7 October 2014, this method is not implemented.
 */
#define _CPU_ISR_Set_level( _new_level )        \
  {                                                     \
    if (_new_level)   asm volatile ( "nop\n" );         \
    else              asm volatile ( "nop\n" );         \
  }
 
uint32_t   _CPU_ISR_Get_level( void );
 
/* end of ISR handler macros */
 
/* Context handler macros */
 
/*
 *  Initialize the context to a state suitable for starting a
 *  task after a context restore operation.  Generally, this
 *  involves:
 *
 *     - setting a starting address
 *     - preparing the stack
 *     - preparing the stack and frame pointers
 *     - setting the proper interrupt level in the context
 *     - initializing the floating point context
 *
 *  This routine generally does not set any unnecessary register
 *  in the context.  The state of the "general data" registers is
 *  undefined at task start time.
 *
 *  NOTE: This is_fp parameter is TRUE if the thread is to be a floating
 *        point thread.  This is typically only used on CPUs where the
 *        FPU may be easily disabled by software such as on the SPARC
 *        where the PSR contains an enable FPU bit.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  TODO: As of 7 October 2014, this method does not ensure that the context
 *  is set up with interrupts disabled/enabled as requested.
 */
#define CPU_CCR_INTERRUPTS_ON  0x80
#define CPU_CCR_INTERRUPTS_OFF 0x00
 
#define _CPU_Context_Initialize( _the_context, _stack_base, _size, \
                                 _isr, _entry_point, _is_fp, _tls_area ) \
  /* Locate Me */                                                  \
  do {                                                             \
    uintptr_t   _stack;                                            \
                                                                   \
    (void) _is_fp; /* avoid warning for being unused */            \
    (void) _isr;   /* avoid warning for being unused */            \
    _stack = ((uintptr_t)(_stack_base)) + (_size) - 8;             \
    *((void (**)(void))(_stack)) = (_entry_point);                 \
    _stack -= 4;                                                   \
    (_the_context)->fp = (void *)_stack;                           \
    (_the_context)->sp = (void *)_stack;                           \
  } while (0)
 
 
/*
 *  This routine is responsible for somehow restarting the currently
 *  executing task.  If you are lucky, then all that is necessary
 *  is restoring the context.  Otherwise, there will need to be
 *  a special assembly routine which does something special in this
 *  case.  Context_Restore should work most of the time.  It will
 *  not work if restarting self conflicts with the stack frame
 *  assumptions of restoring a context.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define _CPU_Context_Restart_self( _the_context ) \
   _CPU_Context_restore( (_the_context) );
 
/* end of Context handler macros */
 
/* Fatal Error manager macros */
 
/*
 *  This routine copies _error into a known place -- typically a stack
 *  location or a register, optionally disables interrupts, and
 *  halts/stops the CPU.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
#define _CPU_Fatal_halt( _source, _error ) \
        printk("Fatal Error %d.%lu Halted\n",_source,_error); \
        for(;;)
 
/* end of Fatal Error manager macros */
 
#define CPU_USE_GENERIC_BITFIELD_CODE TRUE
 
/* functions */
 
/*
 *  _CPU_Initialize
 *
 *  This routine performs CPU dependent initialization.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
void _CPU_Initialize(void);
 
typedef void ( *CPU_ISR_handler )( uint32_t );
 
void _CPU_ISR_install_vector(
  uint32_t         vector,
  CPU_ISR_handler  new_handler,
  CPU_ISR_handler *old_handler
);
 
void *_CPU_Thread_Idle_body( uintptr_t );
 
/*
 *  _CPU_Context_switch
 *
 *  This routine switches from the run context to the heir context.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
void _CPU_Context_switch(
  Context_Control  *run,
  Context_Control  *heir
);
 
/*
 *  _CPU_Context_restore
 *
 *  This routine is generallu used only to restart self in an
 *  efficient manner.  It may simply be a label in _CPU_Context_switch.
 *
 *  NOTE: May be unnecessary to reload some registers.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  XXX
 */
void _CPU_Context_restore(
  Context_Control *new_context
) RTEMS_NO_RETURN;
 
typedef struct {
  uint32_t integer_registers [16];
} CPU_Exception_frame;
 
void _CPU_Exception_frame_print( const CPU_Exception_frame *frame );
 
/*  The following routine swaps the endian format of an unsigned int.
 *  It must be static because it is referenced indirectly.
 *
 *  This version will work on any processor, but if there is a better
 *  way for your CPU PLEASE use it.  The most common way to do this is to:
 *
 *     swap least significant two bytes with 16-bit rotate
 *     swap upper and lower 16-bits
 *     swap most significant two bytes with 16-bit rotate
 *
 *  Some CPUs have special instructions which swap a 32-bit quantity in
 *  a single instruction (e.g. i486).  It is probably best to avoid
 *  an "endian swapping control bit" in the CPU.  One good reason is
 *  that interrupts would probably have to be disabled to ensure that
 *  an interrupt does not try to access the same "chunk" with the wrong
 *  endian.  Another good reason is that on some CPUs, the endian bit
 *  endianness for ALL fetches -- both code and data -- so the code
 *  will be fetched incorrectly.
 *
 *  MOXIE Specific Information:
 *
 *  This is the generic implementation.
 */
static inline uint32_t   CPU_swap_u32(
  uint32_t   value
)
{
  uint32_t   byte1, byte2, byte3, byte4, swapped;
 
  byte4 = (value >> 24) & 0xff;
  byte3 = (value >> 16) & 0xff;
  byte2 = (value >> 8)  & 0xff;
  byte1 =  value        & 0xff;
 
  swapped = (byte1 << 24) | (byte2 << 16) | (byte3 << 8) | byte4;
  return( swapped );
}
 
#define CPU_swap_u16( value ) \
  (((value&0xff) << 8) | ((value >> 8)&0xff))
 
typedef uint32_t CPU_Counter_ticks;
 
uint32_t _CPU_Counter_frequency( void );
 
CPU_Counter_ticks _CPU_Counter_read( void );
 
static inline CPU_Counter_ticks _CPU_Counter_difference(
  CPU_Counter_ticks second,
  CPU_Counter_ticks first
)
{
  return second - first;
}
 
typedef uintptr_t CPU_Uint32ptr;
 
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
 
#endif